Here's why:
* Immature Immune Systems: Poults (baby turkeys) have underdeveloped immune systems, making them highly susceptible to a variety of diseases.
* Crowded Conditions: Turkeys are often raised in high-density environments, which can easily spread diseases.
* Stress: Stress from overcrowding, handling, and environmental changes can weaken their immune systems, making them more vulnerable.
* Infectious Diseases: Poults can be infected with a wide range of diseases, including bacterial, viral, and parasitic infections. These diseases can cause high mortality rates, especially in young poults.
Some of the most common diseases affecting young turkeys include:
* Pullorum disease: A bacterial infection causing death in young poults.
* Fowl cholera: A bacterial disease causing high mortality and affecting the respiratory system.
* Newcastle disease: A viral disease causing respiratory problems and neurological symptoms.
* Blackhead disease: A parasitic disease that can cause severe internal damage and death.
Good management practices are crucial to prevent diseases in young turkeys, including:
* Biosecurity measures: Preventing the introduction of diseases onto the farm.
* Vaccination: Protecting poults from specific diseases.
* Proper sanitation: Maintaining clean and hygienic environments.
* Stress reduction: Providing a comfortable and stress-free environment.
By taking these precautions, farmers can significantly reduce the risk of disease outbreaks and ensure the health and survival of young turkeys.