1. Catabolism: The process of breaking down complex molecules into simpler ones to release energy.
2. Anabolism: The process of building up complex molecules from simpler ones, requiring energy.
3. Energy Production: The process of generating energy from the breakdown of molecules such as glucose.
4. Transport: The process of moving substances across the cell membrane or within the cell.
5. Regulation: The process of controlling the rate and sequence of metabolic reactions.