- Plants: The Arctic tundra is home to a variety of plant species that are adapted to the cold, dry climate. These plants include mosses, lichens, grasses, sedges, and flowering plants such as saxifrages, poppies, and buttercups.
- Animals: The Arctic tundra is home to a variety of animal species, including mammals, birds, and fish. Mammals include polar bears, Arctic foxes, caribou, reindeer, musk oxen, and lemmings. Birds include ptarmigans, snowy owls, and redpolls. Fish include Arctic char, lake trout, and whitefish.
- Microorganisms: The Arctic tundra is also home to a variety of microorganisms, including bacteria, archaea, and fungi. These microorganisms play an important role in the decomposition of organic matter and the cycling of nutrients in the tundra ecosystem.