* Droppings:
- Rodents: Small, dark pellets
- Cockroaches: Small, brown or black specks
- Ants: Tiny, light-colored grains
* Gnaw marks:
- On food packaging, furniture, or walls (Rodents)
* Nests:
- Rodents: Piles of shredded paper, fabric, or other materials.
- Cockroaches: Dark, secluded areas such as cracks and crevices, behind appliances, or in storage boxes.
- Ants: Mounds of soil or sand, usually outdoors near the foundation of the building
* Smears:
- Greasy marks along walls or baseboards (Rodents)
- Musty odor (Cockroaches)
- Sweet, sickly odor (Ants)
* Live or dead vermin: Visible in infested areas
Effects of vermin contamination
* Health risks:
- Allergies or asthma attacks (Cockroaches)
- Bites or stings (Rodents, ants)
- Disease transmission (all vermin)
* Property damage:
- Furniture, walls, and other structures (Rodents)
- Food contamination (all vermin)
* Economic losses:
- Repair and extermination costs
* Emotional distress