Feeding: Cranes possess long, robust beaks ideally suited for acquiring food. They use their beaks to probe and search through shallow waters, mudflats, and grassy areas for prey. The shape and size of their beaks vary among different crane species, allowing them to target specific food items. Some species, like the Common Crane, possess pointed beaks for capturing insects and small aquatic organisms, while others, like the Wattled Crane, have flattened beaks for picking up seeds and grains.
Preening: Cranes also use their beaks for preening, which is the act of cleaning and maintaining their feathers. By skillfully manipulating their beaks, they carefully groom their plumage, ensuring that their feathers remain in optimal condition for flight, insulation, and water repellency.
Nest-Building: During the breeding season, cranes employ their beaks as essential tools in nest-building. They collect various materials, such as twigs, grass, reeds, and leaves, and use their beaks to skillfully interweave them into sturdy nests. The precise beakwork demonstrated by cranes in constructing their nests showcases their remarkable craftsmanship.
Defense and Territoriality: Cranes may utilize their beaks as a form of defense and territorial display. In confrontations over food or nesting sites, cranes can engage in aggressive behaviors, such as bill-clattering and pecking. Through these actions, they communicate warnings and establish dominance over their territories.
Fishing: Some crane species, like the Siberian Crane, are skilled fishermen. They use their beaks to search underwater for fish and other aquatic creatures, demonstrating their adeptness in hunting in this particular environment.
Overall, the beak plays a crucial role in the everyday life of a crane, serving various functions related to feeding, preening, nest-building, defense, and even fishing.