How are eggs protected?

Eggshell. The eggshell is the first line of defense for eggs. It is composed of calcium carbonate, which is hard and brittle, and helps to protect the egg from physical damage. The eggshell also contains pores that allow oxygen to enter and carbon dioxide to escape, which is essential for the developing embryo.

Egg white. The egg white, or albumen, is a gelatinous substance that surrounds the yolk. It provides cushioning for the embryo and protects it from mechanical damage. The egg white also contains antimicrobial proteins that help to protect the egg from bacteria and other microorganisms.

Egg yolk. The egg yolk is the innermost part of the egg. It is rich in nutrients, including protein, fat, and vitamins, which are essential for the developing embryo. The egg yolk also contains antioxidants that help to protect the embryo from damage from free radicals.

Eggshell membrane. The eggshell membrane is a thin, semipermeable membrane that lies just beneath the eggshell. It helps to prevent bacteria from entering the egg by acting as a physical barrier. The eggshell membrane also helps to regulate the exchange of gases between the egg and the outside environment.