Why predation cause extinction?

Predation, by itself, does not typically cause extinction. Extinction occurs when a species can no longer maintain a viable population due to various factors, including environmental changes, habitat destruction, competition, disease, and over-exploitation. While predation can contribute to population decline, it is usually one of several factors that lead to extinction. Here are a few reasons why predation alone doesn't usually cause extinction:

Predator-prey dynamics: In many cases, predator-prey relationships exist in a delicate balance. Predators can regulate the population of their prey species, preventing overpopulation and resource depletion. This dynamic helps maintain ecological stability and coexistence between species.

Evolution and adaptation: Prey species can evolve adaptations to reduce predation risk, such as camouflage, defense mechanisms, or changes in behavior. Over time, these adaptations can help the prey species persist in the presence of predators.

Ecosystem resilience: Ecosystems often exhibit resilience to disturbances, including predation. If a specific prey species faces high predation pressure, other species may fill its ecological niche, preventing the complete collapse of the ecosystem.

Environmental factors: Extinction is often the result of multiple stressors acting simultaneously. Environmental changes, habitat loss, resource competition, and human activities can all contribute to population declines. When these factors occur alongside predation, they can increase the risk of extinction.

Therefore, while predation can impact a specific species and lead to population decline, it is rarely the sole cause of extinction. Extinction usually results from a combination of factors that overwhelm a species' ability to adapt and survive in changing environments.