The Difference Between Timneh & Congo Parrots

Scientists recognize two confirmed subspecies of African gray parrot. One, Psittacus erithacus erithacus, is known in common speech as the Congo African gray or CAG. Hobbyists refer to the other subspecies, the P. erithacus timneh, as the timneh African gray. Both varieties of parrot are captive-bred and sold as pets in the United States. Several visible differences can help bird enthusiasts distinguish between the two subspecies.

  1. Size

    • Congo African gray parrots are slightly larger as adults than timneh parrots. An adult CAG will attain a height of approximately 13 inches, measured from the tip of the tail to the top of the head. Timneh African grays are smaller in stature, rarely exceeding 11 inches in total length. Congo parrots can also weigh up to one pound, while timnehs rarely exceed 12 ounces in total weight.

    Coloration

    • An African gray parrot's coloration is the most obvious marker of its subspecies. Timneh parrots have deep, dark maroon tail feathers, while Congos' tail feathers are a bright cherry-red. A timneh parrot's feathers also tend to be darker and duller on the rest of its body. While CAGs have fresh-looking feathers of medium grey, timnehs' overall coloration is charcoal-toned and relatively dull. The feathers on a timneh parrot's back tend to be especially dark in comparison to a Congo African gray.

    Beak

    • Timneh African gray parrots possess beaks that noticeably differ from Congo parrots'. A timneh's upper mandible is a creamy white to dull orange, while its lower mandible is medium gray. Congo parrots' beaks are generally gray all over, with no difference between the two mandibles. Timneh parrots' upper mandibles also have a darkened edge roughly the same color as the lower mandible. In Congo parrots, the upper mandible is the same shade throughout.

    Behavior and Temperament

    • Ornithologists and parrot enthusiasts have not reached a consensus regarding the behavioral differences between the timneh and Congo subspecies of African gray parrot. Reputably, Congo parrots are more neurotic than timnehs and require more constant social interaction. Timnehs may also be more capable of handling change and responding interactively to strangers. Nevertheless, all birds are individuals and may deviate from the typical patterns or behaviors associated with their subspecies.