What is the difference between an arctic tern and a common tern?

Arctic terns and common terns are both seabirds that belong to the family Sternidae. While they share some similarities, there are also some key differences between the two species.

Appearance

Arctic terns are typically smaller than common terns, with a wingspan of around 30-34 inches. They have a white body with black wings, a black cap, and a red beak. Common terns, on the other hand, have a wingspan of around 32-36 inches and a white body with gray wings, a black cap, and an orange-red beak.

Habitat

Arctic terns breed in the Arctic tundra and migrate south for the winter, traveling as far as Antarctica. Common terns, on the other hand, breed in a variety of habitats, including coastal areas, marshes, and lakes. They typically migrate south for the winter, but some populations may also remain in their breeding grounds year-round.

Diet

Both arctic terns and common terns eat a diet of fish, insects, and other small animals. They typically hunt by flying over the water and diving down to catch their prey.

Nesting

Arctic terns typically nest in colonies on the ground, building a simple nest of grass and feathers. Common terns, on the other hand, may nest in colonies or in isolation, and they build their nests in a variety of locations, including on the ground, in trees, or on buildings.

Conservation status

Arctic terns are considered to be a species of least concern by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Common terns are also considered to be a species of least concern, although some populations may be threatened by habitat loss and other factors.