* Physiology and anatomy of the reproductive system: Understanding the normal function of the reproductive organs.
* Reproductive endocrinology: Studying the hormones and their roles in reproduction.
* Artificial insemination: Techniques for breeding animals using collected sperm.
* Embryo transfer: Moving embryos from one animal to another.
* Pregnancy management: Monitoring and managing pregnancies to ensure healthy offspring.
* Obstetrics and gynecology: Addressing reproductive issues, including infertility, complications during pregnancy and birth, and diseases of the reproductive organs.
* Genetics and breeding: Improving animal genetics and breeding programs.
Essentially, theriogenologists are the "veterinarians of reproduction", specializing in helping animals reproduce and have healthy offspring. They play a crucial role in animal agriculture, wildlife conservation, and pet care.