Oscillatoria are multicellular cyanobacteria that form trichomes, which are unbranched, filamentous chains of cells. The cells are cylindrical, with a diameter of 2–10 µm. They are enclosed in a thin, mucilaginous sheath.
Color
Oscillatoria are typically blue-green or brown-green in color. This is due to the presence of chlorophyll *a*, chlorophyll *b*, and phycocyanin.
Size
Oscillatoria trichomes can be up to several centimeters in length.
Reproduction
Oscillatoria reproduce asexually by binary fission. The cells in a trichome divide in two, each producing a new trichome.
Habitat
Oscillatoria are found in a wide variety of habitats, including freshwater, marine, and terrestrial environments. They are often found in shallow waters, such as ponds, lakes, and streams. They can also be found in soil, on rocks, and on tree bark.
Ecology
Oscillatoria are important primary producers in many ecosystems. They use sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into organic matter. They are also a source of food for other organisms, such as zooplankton, fish, and birds.
Harmful effects
Some species of Oscillatoria can produce toxins that can cause skin irritation, respiratory problems, and gastrointestinal distress. These toxins can also be harmful to aquatic life.