In general, pigeons prefer warm, temperate climates and tend to avoid extreme temperatures. They are most commonly found in urban and suburban areas, where they can find shelter, food, and water in abundance. However, some species of pigeons, such as the rock pigeon, are more adaptable and can be found in a variety of habitats, including forests, deserts, and mountains.
Pigeons are able to survive in a variety of climates thanks to their ability to adapt their diet and behavior. In colder climates, they may rely on high-energy foods, such as nuts, seeds, and berries, and they may seek shelter in caves, buildings, or hollow trees to escape the cold. In warmer climates, pigeons may eat a variety of fruits, insects, and other foods, and they may build their nests in trees, on buildings, or even on the ground.