- Neurological disorders: Flips can be caused by damage to the nervous system, such as infections (eg. Avian bornavirus), brain injuries, or tumors.
- Metabolic imbalances: Electrolyte imbalances, such as low calcium, can cause muscle weakness and flips.
- GI issues: Gastrointestinal problems, such as crop stasis or blockages, can cause birds to flip due to discomfort or pain.
- Toxins: Heavy metal poisoning (zinc or lead) or pesticides ingestion can cause flipping.