Does a pigeon have backbone?

Yes, pigeons have backbones. In fact, all birds have backbones. The backbone, also called the vertebral column or spine, is a flexible structure made up of a series of small bones called vertebrae. The vertebrae are connected to each other by ligaments and muscles, and they provide support for the body and protect the spinal cord. The spinal cord is a bundle of nerves that runs down the center of the backbone and carries messages between the brain and the rest of the body.

Birds have a unique type of backbone that is adapted for flight. The vertebrae are hollow, which makes them lighter and stronger. The vertebrae are also fused together in some places, which provides additional strength. The tailbone, or pygostyle, is a series of fused vertebrae that helps to support the tail feathers.

The backbone is an essential part of the pigeon's body. It provides support, protection, and flexibility, and it allows the pigeon to fly.