Why do male doves peck the female doves?

Doves are generally gentle and affectionate birds. It is not common for male doves to peck at female doves aggressively. However, there can be a few reasons why such behavior might occur:

1. Courtship Behavior: In some dove species, male doves may gently peck at the female's head or neck during courtship rituals. This behavior is part of the mating display and is usually not aggressive in nature.

2. Establishing Dominance: In a pair of doves, there may be a temporary dominance hierarchy where one dove (usually the male) asserts its dominance over the other. This can sometimes involve pecking or chasing behavior, but it is usually done in a non-harmful way.

3. Nest Defense: If the doves are defending their nest or young, they may become more protective and aggressive towards other doves, including their mates. This is a natural response to protect their offspring and territory.

4. Stress: In stressful situations, such as overcrowded living conditions or lack of resources, doves may become more irritable and prone to aggressive behaviors, including pecking.

5. Injury or Illness: If one of the doves is injured or ill, the other dove may peck at it out of concern or confusion. However, this behavior is not typically aggressive in nature.