Diabetic Coma in a Cat

Diabetes is a condition that affects 1 in 400 felines, according to WebMD. Cats affected by diabetes are unable to assimilate the glucose in the blood, which is either because of an inadequate production of insulin or a poor response of the body to insulin. Neutered, senior and obese cats are more likely to develop diabetes and certain breeds, such as Burmese cats, are genetically predisposed to diabetes. Diabetic coma occurs if you fail to notice the symptoms of diabetes and don't administer treatment when needed.

  1. Diabetes Symptoms in Cats

    • Diabetes manifests initially through an increased appetite. The cat tries to compensate for the lack of energy. The cat's body cannot assimilate the glucose, so the cat lacks energy. As the disease advances, however, the cat will lose its appetite. Other symptoms of diabetes include increased thirst, more frequent urination, weight loss despite increased appetite and muscle weakness. Should you see any of these symptoms in your pet, consult the veterinarian. Diabetes can be detected through a urine test, which indicates an elevated level of glucose. Cats eliminate glucose not assimilated in the body through the urine.

    Causes of Diabetic Coma

    • Diabetic coma may occur because of diabetic hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia. Hypoglycemia or low blood sugar may be caused by an overdose of insulin. Hyperglycemia is high blood sugar and occurs if the cat doesn't receive treatment. High levels of glucose in the blood cause ketoacidosis, which is an increased production of ketones. Ketones are produced in the blood of a diabetic feline because of the inability of the cat to assimilate glucose properly. When the cat produces ketones, it will display symptoms such as acetone or fruity breath, nausea, vomiting, rapid and shallow breathing, dehydration, lethargy, shock and unconsciousness.

    Diabetic Coma Management

    • If you notice that the cat displays symptoms of a coma and it is unconscious, you need to get immediate veterinary help, because this is an emergency situation. The veterinarian will administer insulin and IV fluids. If you fail to act immediately, the coma may be lethal.

    Prevent Diabetic Coma

    • Once your cat is diagnosed with diabetes, your veterinarian will establish an insulin dose that is suitable for your pet. Ensure you administer the prescribed dose of insulin at regular hours and never miss a dose. If you missed a dose, don't administer a double dose, because this may lead to diabetic hypoglycemia and possibly coma. Visit your veterinarian regularly, because the insulin dose may need periodic adjustments, depending on your pet's condition.