What Are the Causes of Food Poisoning in Cats?

Cats are susceptible to many food-borne pathogens that also affect humans. Contamination can occur from food processing or by leaving food out for too long. Cats can also become infected by eating garbage or hunting prey. Cats can contract a variety of bacteria from these sources such as E. coli, Staphylococcus and Salmonella. These diseases can be passed on to humans through a cat's fecal matter.

  1. Sources

    • E. coli is present in fecal matter and can contaminate wet cat food during meat processing. It is also in human feces and can be passed along if good hygiene practices are not followed. Staphylococcus is very common and can be found on food, serving dishes and on the skin of animals and people. Wet food that is left at room temperature provides a perfect medium for this bacteria to thrive and it can multiply very quickly. It can also grow on food packaging and discarded food. Additionally, cats that hunt prey can contract Salmonella and other bacteria from the rodents and other small animals they catch.

    Symptoms and Treatment

    • Symptoms of infection exhibited by cats are similar to food poisoning symptoms in humans and may include fever, vomiting and diarrhea. Appetite loss and dehydration may be observed, as well as general lethargy. A veterinarian will perform a culture on a rectal swab or fresh stool to identify the specific contaminant. Treatment typically involves antibiotics and fluids. Inducing vomiting may or may not be beneficial, depending of the contaminant and the health of the animal.

    Prevention

    • Wet cat food should never be left out for an extended time. Feed the cat only what it will immediately consume and dispose of the excess. Store open cans of food in the refrigerator and cover properly. Dispose of household garbage promptly and securely. Practice good hygiene by washing your hands before and after feeding your pet. It is also important that you keep your pet's feeding area clean and sanitized. If you prepare your own pet food, follow the same safety guidelines that apply to food for human consumption. If your pet is an outdoor cat and hunts, confiscate its prey as quickly as possible and consider keeping the cat indoors.