Side Effects of Enalapril in Felines

Feline heart disease and high blood pressure are serious illnesses in cats. With proper treatment, however, a cat can be given some relief from the effects of these diseases. One of the medications used to treat heart disease and high blood pressure in cats is Enalapril, also known as Enacard, a prescription-only medication. Enalapril, an ACE-inhibitor, acts as a vasodilator that relaxes blood vessels that have become restricted due to vascular disease. Although Enalapril is only approved by the FDA for use in dogs, many veterinarians prescribe it for cats as well. While your cat is taking Enalapril, it is important to watch for side effects as some require immediate attention from a vet.

  1. Kidney Problems

    • Kidney failure can occur when Elanapril adversely affects blood supply to the kidneys. Problems with kidney function are generally only seen when large doses of the drug are required or when an overdose has occurred. It is also seen more commonly in animals already suffering from kidney disease or when diuretics are also being taken. If you notice changes in your cat's urinary habits, call your vet immediately.

    Low Blood Pressure

    • Enalapril can relax blood vessels too much, resulting in low blood pressure. Symptoms of low blood pressure include lack of appetite, blue lips and tongue, panting and coughing after exertion. These symptoms may be subtle at first, so close attention is needed. You may also observe weakness or fainting. Each of these symptoms requires vet consultation as the dosage of Enalapril may need to be adjusted, or they may be signs of an overdose.

    Vomiting and Diarrhea

    • There are dozens of reasons a cat may vomit or have diarrhea. One common cause of vomiting and diarrhea is introducing new medication. As long as your cat is not vomiting to the point of losing all food it ingests, it doesn't show signs of discomfort, and its diarrhea and vomiting subside in 1 or 2 days, its body may simply be adjusting to the Elanapril. Keep a close eye on the animal to ensure the vomiting and diarrhea don't continue or worsen. If one or both continues, call your vet.

    Loss of Appetite

    • Loss of appetite may occur as a result of a cat's body getting used to Elanapril. If you notice this symptom, try to give the cat a favorite food--preferably something a bit bland so as not to cause further stomach upset. If your cat refuses to eat any food at all, including favorite foods and treats, for more than 1 or 2 days, contact your vet as the medication dosage may need to be adjusted.