Cat Urinary Tract Infection Causes

Urinary tract infections are as painful in cats as they are in humans. A cat with an infection will frequently strain to use the bathroom, go in odd places outside of the litter box, lick its genitals excessively and sometimes have blood in its urine. It is important to get this treated by a veterinarian to ease the cat's discomfort and ensure there are no bigger problems causing the infection.

  1. Bladder or Urinary Stones

    • Some cats can develop crystalline formations, or stones, in their bladder. These are usually composed of the minerals struvite or calcium oxalate. A high amount of magnesium in the diet can contribute to the development of struvite crystals, but little is known about the causes of calcium oxalate crystals. Removal of the stones by surgery is usually necessary.

    Blockages

    • A urethral blockage develops when tiny crystals migrate into the urethra, blocking the ability to urinate. This is more common in male cats than in females and can be life threatening. It is extremely important to get your cat to a vet immediately if it begins howling while attempting urination and becomes lethargic. Its bladder may become distended and the toxins that are removed by the kidneys will be left in the system, possibly leaching into its blood stream. Death within 48 hours is possible.

    Bacteria

    • In a primary infection, or one not caused by stones or other problems, bacteria and viruses may travel up the urethra and into the bladder. This causes discomfort and irritation, leading to an infection. According to veterinarian Mike Richards, "it is estimated that less than 5% of male cats with signs of urinary tract discomfort and inflammation have bacterial infections," so antibiotics may not work. Make sure the litter box is clean at all times and give your cat plenty of water.

    Stress

    • The causes of urinary distress in cats can be brought on by stress. In stressful times, cats tend to drink less and the system response to stress can trigger a lower immune response to bacteria and the development of stones. Stressful situations, such as a move, can't always be avoided but try to make your cat's normal environment and day-to-day life less stressful.