Diarrhea in kittens may not seem like a serious condition, but a kitten's small size makes it prone to dehydration. Even if the condition does not have a serious cause, it can become life-threatening quickly. Understanding the symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of diarrhea in kittens will help you make the best healthcare choices for your new pet.
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Symptoms
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Diarrhea in kittens is characterized by loose bowel movements. This can be hard to determine, particularly if the kittens are not fully weaned, because their bowel movements are already fairly soft. Diarrhea is also characterized by an increased frequency of the bowel movements and an increased amount of stool. Often the color and smell of the stool will be different than normal if the kitten has diarrhea. If you are unsure of whether or not your kitten's stool is diarrhea, consult with your vet.
When to Call
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In general, diarrhea in cats is not a serious condition. However, kittens can dehydrate quickly, so medical intervention is needed for a kitten with diarrhea that lasts for more than 24 hours. According to Dr. Race Foster and Dr. Marty Smith, you should call the vet if you notice blood in the stools or the stools appear dark and have the consistency of tar, if your cat has been exposed to something poisonous or if the cat has a fever. Yellow gums, pain or vomiting accompanying the diarrhea warrant an immediate call to the vet.
Causes
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The vet will begin treatment for your kitten by determining the cause of the diarrhea. Diet changes are a common cause, particularly as a kitten transitions from milk to solid food. Some cats are intolerant of certain food ingredients, which can lead to diarrhea. Intestinal parasites, like roundworm or hookworm, are another cause. Bacterial or viral infections, cancer, toxin exposure, irritable bowel syndrome or intestinal obstructions can all lead to diarrhea, which is why finding the underlying cause is so vital.
Diagnosis
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The vet will ask many questions about your cat's condition, such as asking when the symptoms started, what the animal's diet consists of and what the cat's medical history is. A physical exam, including a palpitation of the abdomen, will help the vet rule out blockages or infections, and also give the chance to check for dehydration. A fecal sample will be necessary to test for parasites and bacteria. If a more serious condition, like cancer or a blockage, is a concern, the vet will order x-rays or ultrasound.
Treatment
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Treatment for your kitten's diarrhea will be based on the cause. A bland diet of boiled chicken and rice is typically served as long as the cat is ill. If the kitten is dehydrated, it will be given intravenous or subcutaneous fluids. This will require a stay in the vet's office until the cat is sufficiently hydrated. Parasitical or bacterial infections are treated with medication, while the cat must fight off viral infections on its own. Other conditions, like blockages or cancer, may require surgery.
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