Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV) is an extremely common disease affecting roughly one in 10 cats throughout the world. While FIV can be debilitating, most infected cats can live healthy, fulfilling lives.
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FIV Defined
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FIV is a lentvirus that is somewhat similar to the virus that causes feline leukemia. Its effect on a cat is similar to the effect that HIV has on humans.
Symptoms
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A cat can have FIV for years before it begins to show symptoms. Cats with FIV become prone to frequent infections, and may have hair loss, swollen lymph nodes, diarrhea, eye problems, urinary problems and gingivitis.
Prevention
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FIV is not highly contagious, and it is most commonly transmitted through bites, sexual contact, and between a mother and her kittens. FIV vaccines are available, but they are not always effective.
Prognosis
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With good care, a cat with FIV can live several years beyond diagnosis, but some cats with FIV die within months. The prognosis depends on the cat's exposure to opportunistic infections, including bacteria and viruses.
Proper Care
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A cat who is known to have FIV should be kept indoors and away from other cats. A balanced diet and full compliance with prescribed treatments can both prolong and enhance the cat's well-being.
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