Fatty liver disease (hepatic lipidosis) is common in cats. It occurs when large amounts of fat cells accumulate in the liver. The fat cells interfere with liver function. Fatty liver disease is very serious, and it may be fatal.
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Symptoms
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Almost all cats that develop fatty liver disease are obese. A stressful event may trigger decreased appetite and weight loss over a number of weeks. Sometimes jaundice--a yellowing of the eyes--occurs. They may also appear depressed and lethargic.
Causes
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Obesity is a factor in fatty liver disease. According to the College of Veterinary Medicine at University of Georgia, most cases have no identifiable cause.
Diagnosis
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Fatty liver is life threatening; it must be diagnosed by a veterinarian. The veterinarian will take a history and perform a physical exam. The level of liver enzymes is tested from blood. A liver biopsy may be performed to provide a definitive diagnosis.
Treatment
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In most cases, intensive veterinary care is required. The veterinarian will insert a feeding tube into the cat's neck, throat or stomach. The tube will remain in for at least a week. After the feeding tube is removed, a high protein diet must be fed to the cat.
Risk Factor
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Cats that are overweight and suddenly stop eating--or are fed a diet that is very low in calories--can develop the disease.
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