- Urinary tract infections (UTIs)
- Kidney disease
- Diabetes
- GI parasites (e.g. tapeworms, roundworms)
- Diarrhea
2. Behavioral Reasons:
- Litter box aversion (e.g. uncomfortable litter, location, cleanliness, etc..)
- Stress (e.g. from new people or pets, changes to routines)
- Territorial marking
- Anxiety
- Boredom or lack of stimulation
3. Environmental Reasons:
- The litter box is too small or covered
- The litter is dirty
- The litter box is in a high-traffic or noisy area
- Multiple cats are sharing a single litter box