Eye drops for dry eye, such as those containing artificial tears (e.g., hypromellose or polyvinyl alcohol), are generally not considered to be toxic to cats in small amounts. However, if a large quantity is consumed, it could lead to gastrointestinal upset, vomiting, or diarrhea due to the excess fluid intake.
Eye drops for inflammation, such as those containing steroids (e.g., dexamethasone or prednisolone), can be more problematic if ingested by cats. Steroids can cause various side effects in cats, including vomiting, diarrhea, increased thirst and urination, changes in appetite, behavioral changes, and suppression of the immune system.
Antibiotic eye drops, such as those containing erythromycin or tobramycin, can also cause gastrointestinal upset, including nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. In addition, depending on the antibiotic, some cats may experience changes in gut flora, which can result in loose stools or antibiotic-associated diarrhea.
If you suspect your cat has ingested eye drops, it's important to contact your veterinarian immediately. Bring the eye drop bottle with you so that the veterinarian can determine the specific ingredients and evaluate the potential risks. Depending on the cat's condition and the type of eye drops involved, your veterinarian may recommend supportive care, induce vomiting, or provide specific treatments if any toxic effects occur.
To prevent accidental ingestion of eye drops by cats, keep them out of reach and store them safely in a closed cabinet or high shelf. Always consult with your veterinarian before administering any human medication to your cat, including over-the-counter eye drops.