* Larger carnivores:
* Caracals: These medium-sized wild cats are known to prey on sand cats.
* Foxes: Fennec foxes and other foxes may prey on sand cats, especially young ones.
* Wolves: Arabian wolves are known to prey on sand cats in some areas.
* Birds of prey: Golden eagles, eagles owls, and other large birds of prey can hunt sand cats.
* Other threats:
* Snakes: Large snakes, like pythons, can prey on sand cats.
* Domestic dogs: Domestic dogs, especially feral ones, can pose a threat to sand cats.
* Humans: Human activities, like habitat destruction and poaching, can impact sand cat populations.
It's important to note that the specific predators of sand cats vary depending on their geographic location and the availability of other prey animals.