1. Structure:
* Pupil Shape: Cat pupils are vertical slits that can dilate much wider than human pupils, which are round. This allows cats to see better in low light conditions.
* Tapetum Lucidum: Cats have a reflective layer behind their retina called the tapetum lucidum. This layer reflects light back through the retina, enhancing their night vision. Humans lack this layer.
* Eyelid Structure: Cats have a third eyelid, known as the nictitating membrane, which can cover the eye for protection. Humans do not have this membrane.
2. Vision:
* Color Vision: Cats see primarily in shades of blue and green, while humans have trichromatic vision (seeing red, blue, and green).
* Field of View: Cats have a wider field of view than humans, allowing them to see more of their surroundings.
* Near and Far Vision: Cats are nearsighted, while humans have better far vision.
* Night Vision: Cats have significantly better night vision than humans due to the tapetum lucidum and their larger pupil dilation.
3. Other Features:
* Eye Movement: Cats can rotate their eyes independently, allowing them to see in multiple directions without moving their head. Humans cannot do this.
* Eye Size: Cat eyes are relatively large compared to their body size, which contributes to their enhanced night vision.
In Summary:
While both cats and humans rely on their eyes to see, there are significant differences in the structure and function of their eyes. These differences reflect the different environments and lifestyles of these two species. Cats have evolved to see well in low light conditions, while humans have evolved to see well in daylight.