Cat coat colors and patterns are determined by their genes, and these genes are separate from the genes that determine sex.
There are some common misconceptions about color and sex:
* Tortoiseshell and Calico: While these patterns are most commonly found in female cats, they can very rarely occur in males. This is due to a genetic quirk.
* Orange Tabby: While a large percentage of orange tabbies are male, it's not a guarantee.
The only reliable way to determine a cat's sex is through a physical examination by a veterinarian or by looking at their genitals.