* Different Species: There are many different types of wild dogs, including wolves, coyotes, jackals, dholes, and African wild dogs. Each species has its own litter size.
* Environmental Factors: Factors like food availability, habitat quality, and the mother's age and health can influence litter size.
Here are some general ranges for different wild dog species:
* Wolves: Typically 4-7 pups
* Coyotes: Usually 5-7 pups, sometimes as many as 19
* Jackals: 2-5 pups
* Dholes: 2-12 pups
* African wild dogs: 6-16 pups
Remember: The number of pups in a litter is just one factor in a wild dog's success. It's important for the pups to survive and learn essential skills from their parents to become successful pack members.