* Genetic Variation: Mutations are the ultimate source of new genetic variation. They change the DNA sequence, which can alter the traits an organism expresses.
* Selection: Selective breeding involves choosing individuals with desirable traits to reproduce. By introducing new mutations, there are more traits to select from, increasing the chances of finding favorable variations.
* Adaptation: Mutations can be beneficial, neutral, or harmful. In a changing environment, beneficial mutations can help a population adapt and survive. Selective breeding can accelerate this adaptation process by promoting the spread of beneficial mutations.
Example: Imagine you're breeding dogs. A mutation might introduce a new coat color or a change in size. If you like the new trait, you can selectively breed dogs with that mutation to increase its prevalence in future generations.
Important Note: While mutations are the raw material for selective breeding, they are random events. Selective breeding is about choosing and amplifying the desired variations that arise through mutation.