This is due to hormonal differences, with males producing more testosterone, which contributes to their larger size and muscle mass.
However, there are some exceptions:
* Breed: Some breeds have a smaller size difference between males and females, while others have a more significant difference. For example, in some breeds like the Chihuahua, the size difference between males and females is minimal.
* Individual Variation: There is always individual variation within a breed, so some female dogs might be larger than some male dogs.
Overall, it's safe to say that male dogs are typically larger than female dogs, but there are exceptions depending on the breed and individual dog.