* The mother's age and size: Younger, larger dogs tend to have bigger litters.
* The father's size and breed: Larger, purebred Golden Retrievers may produce larger litters.
* The mother's health and nutrition: A healthy, well-nourished mother can produce larger litters.
* Genetic factors: Some bloodlines are naturally predisposed to having larger or smaller litters.
It's important to note that litter sizes can range widely. Some Golden Retrievers have as few as 1 or 2 puppies, while others can have up to 12 or more.