What Is a Rat Terrier?

Rat terriers are medium-sized, sturdy, purebred dogs that make good household companions to individuals seeking attentive and fun-loving pets, according to the Rat Terrier Club of America, an organization that strives to promote the best qualities of the canine. Bred for hunting rodents and pests, rat terriers are athletic and relatively easy to train. Because they adapt well to their surroundings, they are suitable for owners with both active and inactive lifestyles.

  1. History

    • Rat terriers were originally bred in the 1800s by working-class immigrants who were new to America, according to the American Kennel Club. These British migrants used a combination and crossbreeds of European terriers, such as the fox terrier, Manchester terrier, bull terrier and old English white terrier. In the early 1900s, when the rat terrier grew in popularity, this American breed was used for their speed when hunting rodents on farms.

    Appearance

    • Standard rat terriers stand between 13 and 18 inches tall, from the ground to their shoulders, and they are typically longer than they are tall. They can weigh up to 25 pounds. These dogs have shiny, smooth and short hair, and their fur is white with scattered black, brown or tan markings, or spots. Rat terriers are muscular, and some dogs of this breed are born with naturally short, or bobbed, tails.

    Temperament

    • Most rat terriers are patient and tolerant of people of all ages, but they may be aloof and reserved when around strangers, according to the Rat Terrier Club of America. These dogs are active and playful, they are a smart breed of dog and they aim to please their owners. Being obedient is something these dogs are good at.

    Health Problems

    • Although rat terriers are active and may live as old old as 18 years, it's common for this breed to have a few health problems. They are prone to have allergies to foods and certain inhalants, according to the Rat Terrier Club of America. Rat terriers often develop knees problems, causing pain to their joints. Also some dogs develop demodex mange, which can usually be treated with dips and medications by a veterinarian.