What Are Some of the Characteristics of Dalmatians?

Famously depicted as movie heroes (Disney's "101 Dalmatians"), fire station mascots and family-friendly pets, Dalmatians are intelligent and obedient companions. The exuberant Dalmatian demands attention and affection but provides loyalty and protection in return. These medium-size dogs live 10 to 12 years and thrive in families that include it in a variety of activities.

  1. Physical Traits

    • Dalmatians bear smooth coats with short white fur and black spots. Their compact but muscular bodies grow as long as their height to their shoulders, between 19 and 23 inches. The Dalmatian has a long, angular face with a solid colored nose. Its round, thin ears sit high on its head. The thin tail tapers to a point and curves upward without curling over its back. Purebreds have blue or brown eyes and average 55 lbs when fully grown.

    Movement

    • Dalmatians have powerful back legs, which lend to their speed. They do not make good hunting dogs, but they make good gun dogs, meaning they will find the animal the hunter has already killed. Dalmatians requires plenty of exercise. Running without a leash allows them to reach the limits of their speed and stamina. Without proper exercise, the dog may become destructive and unhappy.

    Behavior

    • Dalmatians should not be left outside alone. They crave constant interaction. With proper care, Dalmatians become outgoing, loyal and smart, but owners must use a firm voice to deter early signs of stubbornness and willful disobedience. They have a reputation as good family dogs, but are typically too active for families with toddlers or infants. Dalmatians will act out, bark and destroy property until they have attention.

    Health

    • Although they are generally clean and active, Dalmatians have chronic health issues. Some may be allergic to the synthetic fibers in fabrics they contact, such as carpeting and furniture covers. Some have genetic dispositions that make them deaf. Dalmatians also have a genetic mutation that increases the uric acid in their urine. The uric acid builds and forms bladder stones, which require surgery to remove.