About Spaniels

Twelve breeds of spaniels exist, with lineage tracing to at least the 12th century. Typically thought of as hunting dogs, spaniels make great pets for energetic people who can devote adequate time and attention to them. Each breed is known for specific skills, variations in appearance and even different personality traits. However, many traits remain similar across the spaniel family.

  1. Breeds

    • The American Kennel Club recognizes 12 official breeds of spaniels, many of which are common and others you may never have heard of. One of the most common is the Cocker Spaniel, while the American Water Spaniel and Field Spaniel rate among the rarest. Other breeds include the Boykin Spaniel, Cavalier King Charles Spaniel, Clumber Spaniel, English Cocker Spaniel, English Springer Spaniel, English Toy Spaniel, Irish Water Spaniel, Tibetan Spaniel and the Welsh Springer Spaniel.

    Personality

    • Most spaniel breeds are high-energy, friendly, intelligent and hard-working. They enjoy being around "their" people and delight in being involved in family activities. The large majority of spaniel dogs require exercise at least once a day, despite being relatively small. Spaniels are easy to train when young and are trustworthy around children. Some breeds--such as the Tibetan Spaniel and Field Spaniel--may be aloof with strangers, although they warm up quickly.

    Occupation

    • Most spaniels make great hunting dogs because of their small size, speed, eagerness to please and perseverance. They can find, flush and retrieve animals and birds from both land and water. Some spaniels--particularly the Cavalier King Charles Spaniel--may also be used as therapy dogs, thanks to their loving nature.

    Coat Care

    • Spaniel coats come in many different colors, depending on breed and even sometimes within a breed. However, most spaniels have long layers of fur that require brushing at least once a week and that may need periodic trimming. Coat care is extremely important with spaniels because of the tendency for the fur to mat. Some breeds--such as the Cavalier King Charles--require only brushing, not trimming. The Irish Water Spaniel has tight ringlets for the majority of its coat, and is considered suitable for allergy sufferers.

    Location

    • Due to their physical nature, most spaniels are most comfortable in the country. However, several of the smaller, less-active breeds of spaniels can make good apartment or city dogs. These include the English Toy Spaniel and the Tibetan Spaniel. These animals will still need exercise, but it will be less frequent. Each breed can be as happy hanging out with family as engaging in physical sport such as hunting.