1. Genitalia:
- Males have visible external genitalia, including a penis and testes.
- Females have a hidden clitoris and no visible external genitalia.
2. Size:
- Male pygmy marmosets tend to be slightly larger than females, both in body size and weight.
3. Behavior:
- Male pygmy marmosets are often more vocal and active, playing a more prominent role in territorial defense and communication.
- Females are generally more involved in maternal care, including carrying and nursing infants.
4. Social Roles:
- In pygmy marmosets, females hold a dominant position within the social structure. They form matriarchal societies where the oldest female leads the group.
- Males play a supportive role in the group, primarily assisting with infant care and protection.
5. Reproductive Responsibilities:
- Males are responsible for sperm production and fertilization during mating.
- Females carry the fertilized eggs and give birth to live young, typically giving birth to twins.
It's important to note that while these are general differences observed in pygmy marmosets, individual variations can occur, and not all males and females strictly conform to these traits.