Here's how it happens:
* Dog feces: Infected dogs shed *Toxocara canis* eggs in their feces.
* Environment: These eggs can survive in the environment for years, contaminating soil, sand, and even playgrounds.
* Ingestion: Humans become infected by accidentally ingesting the eggs, usually through:
* Contact with contaminated soil: This happens when children play in infected soil and put their hands in their mouths.
* Eating unwashed fruits and vegetables: These may contain the eggs if they were grown in contaminated soil.
* Contact with contaminated surfaces: This can include playgrounds, dog parks, or even household surfaces where dogs have been.
* Larvae migration: Once ingested, the eggs hatch, releasing larvae that migrate through the body.
Symptoms of toxocariasis:
* Most infections are asymptomatic.
* In some cases, especially in children, symptoms can include:
* Visceral larva migrans (VLM): Larvae migrate to internal organs, causing inflammation and organ damage.
* Ocular larva migrans (OLM): Larvae migrate to the eye, leading to vision problems and even blindness.
Prevention:
* Pick up after your dog: Properly dispose of dog feces to prevent contamination.
* Wash your hands thoroughly: Especially after handling dogs, playing outside, or gardening.
* Wash fruits and vegetables carefully: Before eating.
* Keep children away from areas where dogs defecate: Including dog parks and playgrounds.
* De-worm your dog regularly: Talk to your veterinarian about a suitable deworming schedule for your pet.
If you're concerned about toxocariasis, it's important to consult with your doctor. They can advise you on appropriate testing and treatment options.