Mastitis in Dogs: A Guide
Mastitis is an inflammation of the mammary glands in female dogs, often occurring during or shortly after pregnancy and lactation. It's not uncommon, particularly in dogs who have recently given birth or are nursing puppies.
Causes:
* Bacteria: The most common cause is bacterial infection, usually entering the mammary glands through cracks or sores in the nipples.
* Milk stasis: If milk isn't drained regularly, it can accumulate in the mammary glands, creating an environment for bacteria to grow.
* Hormonal changes: The hormonal fluctuations during pregnancy and lactation can make the mammary glands more susceptible to inflammation.
* Trauma: Injury to the mammary glands can also increase the risk of mastitis.
Symptoms:
* Swollen, red, and painful mammary glands: This is the most obvious sign of mastitis.
* Hardening of the mammary glands: The glands may feel firm or rubbery to the touch.
* Discharge from the nipples: This can be clear, cloudy, or bloody.
* Fever: Mastitis can cause a high temperature.
* Loss of appetite and lethargy: Your dog may be less active and eat less than usual.
* Difficulty nursing: The pain associated with mastitis can make it difficult for puppies to nurse.
Diagnosis:
Your veterinarian will examine your dog and may take a sample of the discharge from the mammary glands for analysis. Blood tests can also be performed to check for signs of infection.
Treatment:
Treatment for mastitis usually involves antibiotics to fight the infection. Anti-inflammatory medications may also be prescribed to reduce pain and swelling. Other treatment options include:
* Warm compresses: Applying warm compresses to the affected mammary glands can help to reduce inflammation.
* Massage: Gently massaging the mammary glands can help to drain milk and improve circulation.
* Lactation suppression: In some cases, your veterinarian may recommend medications to suppress lactation.
* Surgery: In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to remove the affected mammary glands.
Prevention:
* Proper hygiene: Keep the mammary glands clean and dry, especially during and after pregnancy and lactation.
* Early detection: If you notice any signs of mastitis, see your veterinarian immediately.
* Regular milk drainage: Ensure that your dog's puppies are nursing regularly.
Note: Mastitis can be a serious condition, so it is important to seek veterinary care immediately if you suspect your dog has mastitis. Early treatment is essential for successful recovery.