* Lungs: The primary organs of respiration.
* Diaphragm: A large, dome-shaped muscle that separates the chest cavity from the abdomen. When the diaphragm contracts, it pulls air into the lungs. When it relaxes, it pushes air out.
* Rib cage: The bony structure that protects the lungs and heart. The rib cage expands and contracts during breathing.
* Airways: These include the nose, mouth, trachea, and bronchi. They carry air to and from the lungs.
Breathing process:
1. Inhaling: The diaphragm contracts, pulling air into the lungs. The rib cage also expands to help draw in air.
2. Exhaling: The diaphragm relaxes, pushing air out of the lungs. The rib cage also contracts.
Factors affecting breathing:
* Physical activity: Breathing rate increases during exercise to deliver more oxygen to muscles.
* Temperature: Hot weather increases breathing rate to help the body cool down.
* Stress: Stress can lead to rapid, shallow breathing.
* Health: Conditions like pneumonia or asthma can affect breathing.
Important notes:
* Brachycephalic breeds: Breeds with short noses, like Bulldogs, have a harder time breathing due to their facial structure.
* Obstructive airway syndrome: Some German Shepherds may develop a condition called Obstructive Airway Syndrome (OAS), which makes it difficult for them to breathe due to narrowed airways.
If you notice any changes in your German Shepherd's breathing, it's important to consult with a veterinarian.