How to Identify a Nail Injury on a Dog

Dogs occasionally suffer nail injuries that can be very painful. These injuries can bleed, catch on cloth materials and make it difficult to walk. Though most nail injuries are minor, you should ensure proper care to prevent infection or other additional problems. A close inspection of the affected paw will help you to identify the nail injury to determine whether professional veterinary care is required.

  1. Splitting Nails

    • A dog̵7;s nails can sustain a small injury that can split, causing further damage along the nail surface. This problem is easy to identify because the split can often run along the entire length of the nail, making it very visible. The split can progress into the nail bed and become very painful for the dog. Cut small splits at the tip of the nail with a nail clipper as soon as you notice them to avoid further splitting. If the split has progressed, take the animal to the veterinarian to have him remove the broken portions of the nail or even the whole nail, according to Dr. Mike Richards of the VetInfo website. A new nail will then grow in normally.

    Loose Nails

    • A loose nail may be caused by injury to the paw or by a systemic disease that affects the whole body. Food allergies may also be implicated in canine nail loss. You may find shed nails lying around the house or the animal may constantly lick at his paw. The progressive sloughing off of the nails may or may not cause pain. Blood tests at the veterinarian̵7;s office can help to determine if illness or allergy is at fault.

    Broken Nails

    • Broken nails are generally caused by injury to the nail while playing roughly. You will see a jagged edge on the nail that may catch on carpet fibers or other materials. You can try to create a smoother edge by trimming with a pet nail clipper, but do not cut the nail too close to the quick. Your vet may be able to do a neat and safer cut to ensure that the nail is not damaged further.

    Nail Infections

    • Bacterial or fungus infections can also cause a dog̵7;s nails to loosen and be shed, according to the Animal Dermatology Specialists of Vancouver. You may be able to see broken or splitting nails, discolorations and softness of the nail on examination. Nail infections should be treated by the veterinarian. The dog may need antibiotics or anti-fungal medications over a period of time.

    Nail Bed Tumors

    • Nail problems can also be caused by tumors that grow in the nail bed, causing injury or deformity of the nail. If you see unusual growths on your dog̵7;s nail bed or notice bleeding or pus on the nail area, consult your veterinarian for an accurate diagnosis.