Causes of Congenital Cerebellar Syndrome in Canines

Located under the cerebral hemispheres, the cerebellum is a region of the brain that plays a key role in motor control. The cerebellum matures during the last phase of fetal development. This leaves it vulnerable to a number of toxins and infections for a prolonged period of time. Congenital cerebellar dysfunction in canines typically develops as a result of a genetic or infectious cause.

  1. Cerebellar Hypoplasia

    • Congenital cerebellar syndrome is an umbrella term for conditions characterized by cerebellar dysfunction. Cerebellar hypoplasia is a condition that leads to the incomplete development of the cerebellum in the womb or the degeneration of the cerebellum in newborn puppies. The disorder is generally not progressive. The development of cerebellar hypoplasia has been linked to various fetal infections. Infection of the fetus with the herpes virus is a common cause of cerebellar hypoplasia.

    Symptoms

    • Symptoms of congenital cerebellar syndromes in canines typically appear around 2 to 6 weeks of age. Affected dogs commonly have balance and co-ordination issues as well as tremors. Puppies with cerebellar hypoplasia may appear unsteady on their feet or clumsy. A number of diseases can mimic the symptoms of congenital cerebellar syndromes. A veterinary evaluation is important in determining the correct diagnosis and management plan for your pet.

    Breeds

    • Cerebellar syndromes such as cerebellar hypoplasia can be inherited. First-degree relatives of affected dogs should not be allowed to breed. Dogs diagnosed with cerebellar syndromes should also not breed. The incidence of cerebellar hypoplasia appears to be higher in certain breeds. These include Airedale terriers, chow chows, Irish setters, Boston terriers and bull terriers.

    Toxins and Malnutrition

    • Congenital disorders of the central nervous system can be caused by toxic exposure. Toxins that can be dangerous to dogs include slug bait, antifreeze and battery fluids. Exposure to insecticides such as carbaryl may have an adverse effect on fetal development in dogs. Malnutrition of pregnant dogs can also lead to congenital cerebellar disorders.