Dog ACL Tears vs. Arthritis

A dog with a limp is more than enough to distress any dog owner. There are many different maladies that can cause a pet pain and distress. Two major causes of joint problems in dogs are tears in the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and arthritis. Each of these are distinct in their cause and prognosis.

  1. Torn ACL

    • The ACL holds the canine (and human) knee together.

      The ACL is a band of connective tissue that holds the upper leg bone to the lower leg bones at the knee in both humans and dogs. Obesity, genetics, injury and age can all lead to damage or tears to the ACL. This can cause anything from a minor limp to total lameness in the hind legs. Some breeds, like Rottweilers, German shepherds and poodles are prone to these injuries.

    Arthritis

    • Arthritis can affect any joint in the body.

      Unlike a torn ACL, arthritis can strike any joint in the body. Again, the disease is almost identical in humans and dogs. There are two common types: osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Osteoarthritis is physical damage to the bone, usually caused by the cartilage in joints wearing out as a dog ages. Rheumatoid arthritis is causes by the body attacking its own joints.

    Similarities

    • Never give a pet human medicine without a vet's blessing.

      The symptoms of both disorders are very similar, especially if the arthritis happens to be in the hind knee joints, the same spot affected by a torn ACL. This means that both conditions require the attention of a veterinarian to determine the next steps. Both conditions cause pain and limping. In fact, in some cases an untreated torn ACL can lead to osteoarthritis. Also, parts of their treatments are similar. Weight loss, pain medication and antinflammatories (under a vet's supervision) can help both conditions.

    Differences

    • Vets usually recommend non-surgical alternative for dogs under 30 pounds.

      There are several key differences between these problems. A torn ACL tends to be a localized injury, while arthritis, especially rheumatoid arthritis, often effects multiple joints. There are important differences in their treatment. A torn ACL usually requires surgery, after which a dog may recover completely. Arthritis is usually a chronic condition, that must be managed for the rest of the dog's life. However, veterinary care can often improve the quality of life for an arthritic dog.