Parvo in Chihuahuas

Like any dog, the Chihuahua needs to be properly socialized with other dogs, cats (if applicable) and people of all ages. Of course, socialization needs to be done carefully, as young dogs of any breed are prone to catching viruses like the parvovirus. Chihuahuas should not be brought around other unvaccinated, unknown dogs until a minimum of 16 weeks of age, which is when their immune systems are fully developed and capable of fighting off infections.

  1. Parvovirus

    • Parvovirus, or "parvo" for short, is a viral infection that causes diarrhea, dehydration and intestinal damage. As the infection progresses and severe dehydration occurs, blood circulation slows, which often causes the infected Chihuahua to pass away. If the Chihuahua survives the virus, it may become re-infected at any point during its life. The virus is extremely resistant to medications and can live for extended periods of time throughout the home, making it difficult to get rid of.

    Symptoms

    • During the initial infection, the Chihuahua may not show any symptoms. As parvo progresses, it can cause severe vomiting and diarrhea. Severe diarrhea can also cause dehydration. There may be fever, dark feces or feces with blood. Further, upon blood tests, the veterinarian may notice a lowered white blood cell count. Once symptoms begin appearing, the Chihuahua can die within two days if prompt treatment is not sought. Some cases of parvo may cause the Chihuahua to suffer from myocarditis, which is an inflammation of the heart.

    Treatment

    • There is no cure for parvovirus. Instead, the owner and veterinarian must work together to get the Chihuahua rehydrated. This can include IV fluids that contain electrolytes and in severe instances, blood transfusions. If secondary bacterial infections occur, antibiotics may also be provided. Medications to soothe vomiting are an option if necessary, as are corticosteroids if the Chihuahua goes into shock.

    Prevention

    • Since the parvovirus can live for an extended period of time on surfaces in the home, it is important to thoroughly clean the house from top to bottom to kill it off. A bleach solution consisting of 1/2 cup bleach to 1 gallon of water will do the job. For carpeting, an ultraviolet light can help kill off the virus, though it can be difficult to fully kill the virus in carpeting and rugs.