Dogs with Herniated Disc Disease

Herniated disc disease is a spinal problem seen more often in smaller dogs. It goes by many names: intervertebral disc disease, slipped disk and disk herniation. Genetics can play a part in whether a dog will develop the condition. If a dog is overweight, then it is more likely to develop this problem, too. Some breeds are affected by the condition more than others, such as small poodles, beagles, basset hounds, cocker spaniels and dachshunds.

  1. Identification

    • Herniated disc disease is a problem of the spinal column, which can cause disability in dogs. Each case varies in the degree of disability. The condition involves a disc in the spinal column that has degenerated. Discs act as shock absorbers for adjacent vertebrae. With this condition, the outer ring of the disc tears and the gelatinous substance inside moves into the spinal column, which causes the spinal column to be compressed. The dog can have pain, weakness and trouble walking.

    Conservative Treatment

    • In some mild cases of herniated disc disease, dogs can be treated conservatively. A vet may administer an anti-inflammatory drug such as methylprednisolone to reduce the swelling that occurs in the spinal cord. When the vet gives this medication, a dog may start to feel better, but it is important to restrict the pet's activity, so that further disc herniation does not occur. With this conservative treatment, the disc can begin to heal and the problem usually resolves within four to six weeks.

    Surgery

    • If a case is more severe, surgery may be needed. In a surgical procedure known as hemilaminectomy, the dog's spine is opened and the surgeon removes the herniated disc material. Then the vet may do a procedure known as fenestration. This involves removing the gelatinous substance from adjacent discs. A spinal infection is an uncommon side effect of this surgery.

    Postsurgery

    • After surgery, a vet may give the dog muscle relaxants, which will decrease painful muscle spasms. The vet may administer analgesic medications for pain. The vet may also prescribe steroids to reduce inflammation and swelling. A soft bed with padding is recommended during the recovery time so bedsores do not develop. The dog should be confined except when it needs to go outside for urination and defecation. You need to watch for signs of incision site infection, which include swelling, discharge, pain and redness. Within two months after surgery, the majority of dogs show good improvement in walking.