Canine Peripheral Edema

Canine peripheral edema occurs when fluid accumulates in the animal's tissue or around the body organs. It can manifest as a localized swelling in one small area or more diffuse. Pet MD states that some dogs, such as the Labrador retriever, poodle, old English sheepdog and the bulldog, seem to have a greater propensity to suffer from the reaction.

  1. Causes of Edema

    • Peripheral edema occurs as a symptom of allergies, cardiac disorders, kidney failure, immune system problems or trauma. Dogs that suffer from bouts of peripheral edema may suffer chronic allergies to foods or other sources. A reaction to an allergen, toxic substance, spider bite, bee sting or ticks, may cause fluid accumulation in the through and abdomen. Always exam any area of the dog's body to determine if the swelling results from an infection or edema. An area of infection may have oozing or discharge, which can indicate that an abscess as formed.

    Diagnosis

    • Take any dog that suffers from edema to the veterinarian to determine the cause. The veterinarian will usually do a fine-needle aspiration of the affected area. He will then perform a microscopic evaluation of the fluid and tissue cells to figure the underlying cause of the edema. The veterinarian will usually also have the dog undergo X-rays and a urine analysis. If the veterinarian suspects that the edema has a cardiac origin, he will usually do an electrocardiogram and evaluate the heart's function.

    Origin

    • A veterinarian must determine the origin of the edema before treatment can commence. Severe edema may require drainage or a surgical procedure to relieve the pressure in the afflicted area. If drainage does not work, a limb suffering from excessive edema may require amputation. A plethora if medications exists that can also help treat or relieve edema once the underlying cause of the fluid accumulation is discovered.

    Prognosis

    • The prognosis for peripheral edema will depend on the underlying cause. Most dogs will have their activity limited while the swelling dissipates. Dogs that suffer from edema due to an allergic reaction should have contact with the allergen limited. Keep dogs away from bees, spiders, ticks or snakes, which can all cause edema in sensitive dogs. A dog suffering from congestive heart failure or a kidney disorder will usually require medical care for life to treat and prevent bouts of peripheral edema.