Effects of a High Altitude on Dogs

Breathing and other bodily functions become more difficult at high altitude, and most people notice physiological changes at 10,000 feet above sea level. People and pets who live at lower elevations may experience symptoms at 8,000 feet. Breathing and muscle coordination become more difficult and mental capacity may be diminished. With prolonged exposure to high altitude, the symptoms worsen. Sudden changes in elevation cause more drastic effects. Dogs experience the same effects as humans.

  1. Hypoxia and Altitude Sickness

    • Hypoxia results from a lack of oxygen in body tissue. The air is thinner at higher elevations so the autonomic nervous system works harder to supply all body tissue with enough oxygen to function. Acute hypoxia causes increased blood pressure and resting heart rate. Minor symptoms of altitude sickness in humans include mild headache, nausea or dizziness. Advanced conditions such as cerebral or pulmonary edema are serious and require immediate treatment.

    Symptoms in Dogs

    • Symptoms of altitude sickness in dogs include panting, drooling, vomiting and an increased pulse. If your dog is lethargic or does not want to go farther, return to a lower elevation. Observe your dog and head down if it is feverish or losing muscle coordination. Severe symptoms include bleeding from the nose or eyes, swelling of the feet or face and sudden collapse. Studies have shown that anesthetized dogs with acute hypoxia had increased sympathetic nerve activity, increased release of catecholamines, increases in heart rate and regional vasoconstriction

    Precautions

    • Many dogs continue to be active even when tired. If you're feeling the effects of high altitude, assume that your dog is too. Your dog may slow down of its own accord, but you may have to curb its activity to prevent serious problems. Take rest breaks and be sure your dog has access to plenty of fresh water. Don't bring your dog if it's elderly or has cardiac or other health issues. Contact your veterinarian if your dog does not return to normal behavior and function within a day of returning home.

    Hiking with Your Dog

    • Acclimate your dog by spending a few days at increased elevation before climbing higher. If you and your dog live at sea level and you plan to go hiking in Colorado, spend a few days in town before climbing a 14,000-foot peak together. Drink more water than usual and make sure your dog has access to water at all times. Feed your dog high-quality food with the protein, fat and other nutrients it needs. Like you, your dog will need more high-energy food on the expedition. Bring treats that will give your dog energy. Don't play strenuous games with your dog or allow it to run excessively if it's not acclimated to high altitudes. Allow your dog to rest or sleep more than usual during the excursion and the next day.