Medications for Canine Seizures

Canine epilepsy is a chronic disorder in which abnormal nerve transmission results in seizures. Epilepsy usually starts when a dog is between 6 months and five years, according to Pet Education. Medication is often necessary to control the seizures associated with epilepsy and give the dog a better quality of life. It is important to note that no medications cure the disorder; they simply decrease the frequency and duration of seizures.

  1. Phenobarbital

    • Phenobarbital is the most common type of seizure medication, according to Vet Info. Phenobarbital is sometimes taken along with potassium bromide, as 20 percent to 30 percent of dogs with seizure disorder cannot be treated with phenobarbital alone, according to Mar Vista Vet. The treatment regimen is strenuous, with medication given orally or intravenously every day. Blood tests are common and necessary to monitor liver function, as liver failure is a side effect of phenobarbital.

    Felbamate

    • Felbamate is another seizure medication but is much more expensive than phenobarbital. It can be taken orally and usually administered to dogs resistant to treatment plans using potassium bromide or phenobarbital. Felbamate may be taken as frequently as every 8 hours, and causes liver damage at a much higher rate than phenobarbital.

    Gabapentin

    • Gabapentin is another expensive medication. However, unlike phenobarbital and felbamate, it causes few side effects. Gabapentin must be administered 3 to 4 times a day, which is a much higher frequency than other seizure medications.