Dogs and humans do not have the same reactions to human medication. Most human medications should never be given to dogs. Additionally, trying to adjust a dosage amount for a dog, based on a child or adult dosage, may result in extreme illness or the death of that dog. Veterinarians should be consulted regarding what medication can be given to a dog.
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Pain Medicine
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Medicine such as aspirin, acetaminophen (Tylenol) and other over-the-counter drugs are very dangerous to dogs. Aspirin may be given to a pet in very small amounts, upon the authorization of a veterinarian. Medicine that should not be given to a dog is naproxen, ibuprofen and indomethacin. Ibuprofen may cause vomiting and stomach bleeding, while indomethacin is toxic.
Antibiotics
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Dogs should never be given antibiotics prescribed for humans. According to Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center's Poison Information & Resources website, topical antibiotics like neomycin or bacitracin may sometimes be applied to scrapes and cuts, but the injury site should be closely monitored for reddening or swelling.
Other Harmful Drugs
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Other drugs harmful to dogs include anti-depressants, Dovonex, Efudex, prescription skin creams, tuberculosis medication and Psuedophedrine (Sudafed). If a dog ingests any of these medications, contact an emergency veterinarian as soon as possible. Always have the drug name and dosage in milligrams ready when contacting a veterinarian. Animal clinic treatments for the ingestion of these drugs may include administering charcoal to absorb any remaining medication or giving a pet medication to prevent stomach ulcers. Fluids may also be given to flush the drugs from the blood or, in extreme cases, blood transfusions may be completed by a veterinarian.
Prevention
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Dog owners should be conscientious of the home environment to ensure that all precautions are taken to protect a pet from poisoning. Owners must never leave medicine out where a dog could consume them. Dogs may easily eat a pill that has been left on the floor unknowingly or knock over a pill bottle that is within easy reach. Additionally, tick and flea preventatives, such as collars, dusts and shampoos contain insecticides and should always be used with caution. Discontinue use of a flea and tick treatment and bathe a dog thoroughly if a pet seems disoriented after application.
Distraction
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Dogs will chew on just about anything. To avoid a pet ingesting a medicine or another harmful object, give the pet non-toxic toys that are safe to chew on. Some suggested toys include extra tough, durable rubber toys. Owners should stay away from cheaper plastic or soft toys as these toy types are not safe for pets.
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