Kidney stones can affect dogs in a similar way to humans. According to veterinarian Ron Hines, they can occur if the concentration of certain minerals in the urine is too high. They also can form due to the presence of bacteria. Certain breeds of dog, such as dalmatians, are more likely to form kidney stones than other breeds. Vets aren't sure why some dogs are affected more than others but kidney stones can usually be managed using a special diet.
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Water
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Dehydration is thought to be a major contributing factor to the development of kidney stones. If dogs don't drink enough, their urine becomes more concentrated, and this increase in mineral concentration can provide the right conditions for kidney stones to form. Therefore, it is important to ensure your dog has plenty of fresh water at all times.
Low Protein
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A high-protein diet causes raised levels of calcium in the urine. According to Michigan State University Vet Clinic, red meat should be avoided. Calcium lowers the pH of the urine and increases the levels of acidity. This provides the right conditions for the formation of kidney stones. Bradford Miniature Schnauzers also recommend against feeding the dog any animal tissue, vitamins, vegetables or cereals for this reason.
Oxalate
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Some foods contain high levels of a substance called oxalate. In the body, this can form oxalate crystals, which are one type of kidney stone. Fruit, nuts, legumes and most greens contain a lot of oxalate. However, it is thought that asparagus can actually help break down oxalate crystals.
Supplements
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Veterinarian Ron Hines recommends adding potassium citrate to your dog's diet as studies have shown that it can reduce the occurrence of kidney stones. He suggests a dosage of 20-37.5 mg per pound of body weight, to be administered orally.
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