Canine vaccines are given to help prevent dogs from developing and suffering from certain illnesses such as rabies, distemper and the parvovirus, if they become exposed to them. Although the intention is to prevent illness, vaccines, like any medication, carry risks. Knowing the possible risks of a vaccine, in conjunction with speaking with your dog's vet, can help you make informed decisions about the treatment of your pet.
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Anaphylaxis
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The intention of vaccines is to expose your dog to an inactive form of a disease so that the body knows how to fight it if it is ever exposed to an active form. Because the body is exposed to a form of a disease, some dogs may have a negative reaction. If the reaction is immediate, usually in the first few minutes after injection, your dog is probably suffering from anaphylaxis. Anaphylaxis is an allergic reaction to an outside stimulus and occurs throughout the body, not at an isolated spot (like the injection site), according to the National Library of Medicine. Signs of anaphylaxis include diarrhea or vomiting, rapid heartbeat, cold limbs and a fever. Seizures and trouble breathing may also occur. In extreme cases, cardiac arrest can result.
Neurological Problems
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According to PetEducation.com, distemper vaccine most frequently causes neurological problems in dogs, and is known to cause swelling of the brain. Neurological disorder signs include problems with balance, including limb weakness or paralysis, seizures and vision disorders. Brain swelling can also lead to changes in your dog's behavior. For example, some dogs may become aggressive when they were not before. Others develop obsessive compulsive tendencies such as licking the same spot on their paw for long periods for no reason or pacing in the yard.
Less Severe Risks
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As with any vaccine, with pets or humans, when a needle is injected into the skin, your dog may experience minor irritation from it. The area surrounding the injection site can become red or inflamed and sensitive to the touch. Some dogs will develop a minor fever after vaccination, as well. Still others may have a loss in appetite. All of these symptoms generally clear up on their own in a few days; however, it is best to discuss any symptoms with your vet immediately to ensure they are not cause for serious concern. Also, if the symptoms become worse, your vet should be contacted right away.
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