In a dog, the larynx is located in the throat next to the esophagus but connected to the trachea. It is part of the dog's respiratory system but commonly referred to as the "voice box" because it contains the vocal cords. Like any organ in the body, the larynx is prone to certain problems and affected dogs should be seen by a veterinarian.
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Causes
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Many canine larynx problems are health-related, though some larynx problems are somewhat intentional. For example, laryngeal scarring can occur due to a debarking procedure in which the vocal cords are clipped. Aside from intentional health issues, there are several problems which are beyond the owner's control. This includes issues such as laryngeal paralysis, laryngitis, laryngeal cancer or even something as simple as a sore throat.
Symptoms
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Symptoms of a canine larynx-related health problem may vary from dog to dog, though many of the symptoms of different diseases or issues may be similar. Since the larynx is the voice box, many of the symptoms include changes in the dog's voice. This can include changes in pitch, volume or the dog's bark may be scratchy or even nonexistent. Some dogs may have a loss of appetite, coughing or exercise intolerance, in which the dog is unable to exercise long before becoming out of breath. The dog may also have mild discomfort or a sore throat, which the owner may not necessarily recognize.
Diagnosis
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As with any health issue, there may be several diagnostic tools involved in determining what is ailing the canine. For example, coughing itself is such a broad symptom that it could indicate anything from laryngitis to heartworm or even heart failure. The dog may undergo several different tests including a laryngoscopy, blood tests, a urinalysis, heartworm test, a fecal exam and X-rays of the chest, neck and abdominal area.
Treatment
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Treatment options may vary greatly. For example, if the dog was previously debarked and scarring or regrowth of the vocal chords is present, the dog may require laser surgery to correct the issue. If cancer is present, the dog may undergo surgical removal, or if the tumor is inoperable he may receive chemotherapy or radiation therapy. Other issues, such as laryngeal paralysis, will require corrective surgery.
Prognosis
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Since the voice box is not necessarily considered a "vital for life" organ, removal or trauma to it does not mean death for the dog. Therefore, prognosis is generally good, though the dog may not be as vocal. Cancers of the larynx may have a more guarded prognosis because of their rarity.
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